Difference between revisions of "Player Piano"

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(Pianistas, Pianolas, Piano Players– Oh My!)
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==Pianistas, Pianolas, Piano Players– Oh My!==
 
==Pianistas, Pianolas, Piano Players– Oh My!==
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According to Player Piano Treasury by Harvey Roehl, the first man to construct a piano to play itself through mechanical means was, Fourneaux, a Frenchman who patented the player in 1863. The first player was constructed on pneumatic principles by pumping a hand crank in which a vacuum powered a set of metal fingers to play the keyboard of an ordinary piano. This device was called the Pianista and was literally a piano playing another piano (Roehl 2).
 +
In 1897 a man named Edwin Votey perfected the Pianola piano-player, which like the Pianista was a separate player that could "make any piano into an automatically-played instrument." (Ord-Hume 33). It was known as a cabinet-style player and consisted of pedals or "exhausters" in which the performer would work with their feet, "a paper-roll transporting device which fed the perforated music over a tracker board containing small wind ways leading to a set of pneumatic valves, and a row of small fingers at the back of the player which rested on the piano keyboard" (Ord-Hume 33). The Pianola was fiercely marketed by the Aeolian Company and it was because of this aggressive campaign that the Pianola had a short lived but large popularity. The machines, however, were large and clumsy and one would have to be careful the metal fingers didn't damage the piano keys, which were always at risk (Ord-Hume 33). The Pianola also only played 65 notes of the 88 note piano scale so original compositions had to be rearranged, "in many cases mutilated" to fit the range.  (Roehl 8). And although the Pianola was a piano player, an actual player was still necessary and had to learn how to use the instrument properly by feeding the music into the machine and pumping the pedals at the right tempo. But by 1908 the Pianola profits completely halted and the popularity for automated musical instrument gave way to the 'inner piano.'
 +
        By 1901, Melville Clark invented the first player piano in which the piano and the player were a complete unit. His piano could also play all 88 notes of the piano, however the popularity didn't catch on until 1908 due to the different sizes of music rolls and the different scales. At a convention in Buffalo, New York, a standardization of sizes and the ability to use music rolls between different pianos was set and agreed upon. The Aeolian Company marketed the 'Pianola Piano' and two and half million player pianos were sold between 1900 and 1930 (Ord-Hume 34).
  
 
==The Ad of Liszt and the Gypsies==
 
==The Ad of Liszt and the Gypsies==

Revision as of 13:45, 31 October 2007

Pianistas, Pianolas, Piano Players– Oh My!

According to Player Piano Treasury by Harvey Roehl, the first man to construct a piano to play itself through mechanical means was, Fourneaux, a Frenchman who patented the player in 1863. The first player was constructed on pneumatic principles by pumping a hand crank in which a vacuum powered a set of metal fingers to play the keyboard of an ordinary piano. This device was called the Pianista and was literally a piano playing another piano (Roehl 2). In 1897 a man named Edwin Votey perfected the Pianola piano-player, which like the Pianista was a separate player that could "make any piano into an automatically-played instrument." (Ord-Hume 33). It was known as a cabinet-style player and consisted of pedals or "exhausters" in which the performer would work with their feet, "a paper-roll transporting device which fed the perforated music over a tracker board containing small wind ways leading to a set of pneumatic valves, and a row of small fingers at the back of the player which rested on the piano keyboard" (Ord-Hume 33). The Pianola was fiercely marketed by the Aeolian Company and it was because of this aggressive campaign that the Pianola had a short lived but large popularity. The machines, however, were large and clumsy and one would have to be careful the metal fingers didn't damage the piano keys, which were always at risk (Ord-Hume 33). The Pianola also only played 65 notes of the 88 note piano scale so original compositions had to be rearranged, "in many cases mutilated" to fit the range. (Roehl 8). And although the Pianola was a piano player, an actual player was still necessary and had to learn how to use the instrument properly by feeding the music into the machine and pumping the pedals at the right tempo. But by 1908 the Pianola profits completely halted and the popularity for automated musical instrument gave way to the 'inner piano.'

       By 1901, Melville Clark invented the first player piano in which the piano and the player were a complete unit. His piano could also play all 88 notes of the piano, however the popularity didn't catch on until 1908 due to the different sizes of music rolls and the different scales. At a convention in Buffalo, New York, a standardization of sizes and the ability to use music rolls between different pianos was set and agreed upon. The Aeolian Company marketed the 'Pianola Piano' and two and half million player pianos were sold between 1900 and 1930 (Ord-Hume 34).

The Ad of Liszt and the Gypsies

"The poor tinsel, the gaudy clothes, the dark passionate faces seemed to rise again from the keys. Mystery, lament, glad, mad, gaiety became crystallized in one imperishable beauty of music-in the soul of immemorial gypsies enshrined upon the keys."

The Reproducing Piano

Through the Looking Glass

A Note from St. Peter's on Player Pianos

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Conclusion